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Geography of India

India is considered to be a vast nation because of its total area. Its total land area is 3,287,263 km² (approx. 1,269,214 mi²). Continental shelf of India is approximately 402,996 km² (around 155,597 mi²). India is located in Asia. Asia is the world’s largest and most populous continent. Asian countries include, but are not limited to, Russia, China, Japan, Hong Kong, and North and South Korea. India has 7 neighbouring countries. Its neighbours include Bangladesh, Bhutan, Myanmar, People's Republic of China, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka. India is not a landlocked country. It means that is is bordered by at least one major body of water. The average elevation range of India is 160 m (525 ft).

Neighbors

Total length of land borders of India is 13888 kilometers (~5,362 miles). India has 9 unique land boundaries with neigbouring territories and it shares its land borders with 7 different countries. India has 2 non-contiguous sections of land borders. This happens, when a country has a border with a neighbour, and this border is split by a border with another neighbour. India has 7 neighbouring countries. Its neighbours include Bangladesh, Bhutan, Myanmar, People's Republic of China, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. The lengths of the land borders of India with its neighbouring countries are as follows:

Cities

The capital city of India is New Delhi. The largest cities in India are New Delhi, Mumbai (Bombay), Delhi ,Bengaluru (Bangalore), Hyderabad, Ahmedabad, Chennai (Madras), Kolkata (Calcutta)..

Elevation

The average elevation range of India is 160 m (525 ft). The highest point of India is Kangchenjunga, with its official height being 8586 m (28,171 ft). The lowest point of India is Kuttanad. It lies at -2 m (-7 ft), i.e. below the sea level. The elevation difference between the highest (Kangchenjunga) and lowest (Kuttanad) points of India is 8588 m (2 ft).

Area

The total land area of India is 3,287,263 km² (approx. 1,269,214 mi²). and the total exclusive economic zone (EEZ) is 2,305,143 km² (~890,017 mi²). The continental shelf of India is approximately 402,996 km² (around 155,597 mi²). Including land mass and EEZ, the total area of India is approximately 5,592,406 km² (~2,159,230 mi²). India is considered to be a vast nation because of its total area.

Forest and arable land

802,088 km² of India's territory is covered in forests, and forest land comprises 24% of all the land in the country. There are 1,451,810 km² of arable land in India, and it comprises 44% of the country's total territory.

Read our section on climate to discover what parameters affect these and other biomes of the country.

Natural resources

The most notable natural resources found in India are coal, iron ore, manganese, mica, bauxite, rare earth elements, titanium ore, chromite, natural gas, diamonds, petroleum, limestone, arable land.